Evaluation of the Potential of Nitrogen Plasma to Cosmetics 질소 플라즈마의 화장품 가능성 평가
이소민 So Min Lee , 정소영 So Young Jung , Sofia Brito , 허효진 Hyojin Heo , 차병선 Byungsun Cha , Lei Lei , 이상훈 Sang Hun Lee , 이미기 Mi-gi Lee , 빈범호 Bum-ho Bin , 곽병문 Byeong-mun Kwak
48(3) 189-196, 2022
Title
Evaluation of the Potential of Nitrogen Plasma to Cosmetics 질소 플라즈마의 화장품 가능성 평가
이소민 So Min Lee , 정소영 So Young Jung , Sofia Brito , 허효진 Hyojin Heo , 차병선 Byungsun Cha , Lei Lei , 이상훈 Sang Hun Lee , 이미기 Mi-gi Lee , 빈범호 Bum-ho Bin , 곽병문 Byeong-mun Kwak
DOI:
Abstract
Plasma refers to an ionized gas that is often referred to as “the fourth phase of matter”, following solid, liquid, and gas. Plasma has traditionally been utilized for industrial applications such as welding and neon signs, but its promise in biomedical fields such as cancer treatment and dermatology has lately been recognized. Indeed, due to its beneficial effects in promoting collagen production, improving skin tone, and eliminating harmful bacteria in the skin, plasma treatment constitutes an important target for dermatological research. In this study, a plasma device for cosmetic manufacturing based on nitrogen, the main component of the atmosphere, was designed and assembled. Moreover, nitric oxide (NO) was selected since is easier to follow and evaluate than other nitrogen plasma active species, and its contents were measured to perform a quantitative and qualitative evaluation of plasma. First, an injection method, using different proximities labeled “sinking” and “non sinking” treatments, was performed to test the most efficient plasma treatment method. As a result, it was observed that the formulation obtained by a non sinking treatment was more effective. Furthermore, toner and ampoule were selected as cosmetics formulations, and the characteristics of the formulation and changes in the injected plasma state were observed. In both formulations, the successful injection of NO plasma was 2 times higher in toner formulation than ampoule formulation, and it gradually decreased with time, having dissipated after a week. It was confirmed that the nitrogen plasma used did not affect the stability of the toner and ampoule formulations at low temperature (4 ℃), room temperature (25 ℃), and high temperature (37 ℃ and 50 ℃) conditions. The results of this study demonstrate the potential of plasma cosmetics and highlight the importance of securing the stability of the injected plasma.
This study was conducted to empirically analyze the effects and interactions among beneficial bacteria, commensal bacteria, and acne bacteria, which are factors in the skin microbiomes, on detrimental bacteria by 289 people, who are 20 to 49 years old among Koreans. As a result of multiple regression models using bio big data of skin microbiomes, when the difference in skin microbiomes according to the sex and age of the subjects was controlled, the beneficial bacteria showed a negative (-) effect on the detrimental bacteria, while the commensal and acne bacteria showed a positive (+) effect. Particularly, the negative (-) effect of beneficial bacteria on detrimental bacteria was different through interaction with acne bacteria according to the level of commensal bacteria. These results demonstrate that the activation of beneficial bacteria inhibits detrimental bacteria, and the effect of skin microbiomes on detrimental bacteria is balanced with skin microbiomes through interaction with independent influence. Therefore, it is suggested that when studying skin microbiomes products to help the proliferation of beneficial bacteria and to create a skin environment that inhibits detrimental bacteria in the personalized cosmetics manufacturing industry, it is necessary to consider the independent effects and interactions among skin microbiome factors together.
Key Words
skin microbiomes, bio big data, interaction effect, personalized cosmetics, multiple regression
Anti-inflammatory and Anti-oxidative Effects of Rumex acetosa L. in RAW 264.7 RAW 264.7 에서 MAPKs 경로를 통한 Rumex acetosa L.의 항염증, 항산화 효과
성진영 Jin Young Sung , 김용민 Yong Min Kim
48(3) 213-223, 2022
Title
Anti-inflammatory and Anti-oxidative Effects of Rumex acetosa L. in RAW 264.7 RAW 264.7 에서 MAPKs 경로를 통한 Rumex acetosa L.의 항염증, 항산화 효과
성진영 Jin Young Sung , 김용민 Yong Min Kim
DOI:
Abstract
In this study, the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of aerial parts of Rumex acetosa L. extract were confirmed to prevent various inflammatory diseases and skin aging caused by excessive oxidative stress. As a result of ABTS assay, it was confirmed that the radical scavenging ability increased in a concentration-dependent manner. ROS inhibitory ability was confirmed through DCF-DA assay, and concentration-dependent inhibition of ROS production was confirmed. The effect of inhibiting cell nuclear damage according to ROS was confirmed through DAPI staining. In addition, it was confirmed that the mRNA expression levels of iNOS and COX-2 were inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner through qPCR. As a result of confirming the protein levels of iNOS and COX-2 by western blotting, iNOS was significantly decreased at all concentrations, and COX-2 was significantly decreased at 800 μg/mL. The inhibitory effect on the production of NO generated by iNOS was confirmed by NO assay, and NO was decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, phosphorylation of ERK and JNK in the MAPKs signaling pathway were inhibited. Therefore, Rumex acetosa L. has the potential to be used as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant cosmetic raw material by showing anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects through the MAPKs pathway.
Key Words
Rumex acetosa L., inflammation, anti-oxidative, MAPKs, Raw 264.7
A Study on Antioxidant, Skin-Whitening and UV Absorption Effect of Beta vulagaris Using Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SM4 Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SM4 를 이용한 레드비트 생물전환물의 항산화, 피부 미백과 자외선 흡수 효능 연구
염서희 Suh Hee Yeom , 강민호 Min Ho Kang , 박제훈 Jae Hoon Park , 김소희 So Hee Kim , 김진우 Jin Woo Kim
48(3) 225-234, 2022
Title
A Study on Antioxidant, Skin-Whitening and UV Absorption Effect of Beta vulagaris Using Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SM4 Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SM4 를 이용한 레드비트 생물전환물의 항산화, 피부 미백과 자외선 흡수 효능 연구
염서희 Suh Hee Yeom , 강민호 Min Ho Kang , 박제훈 Jae Hoon Park , 김소희 So Hee Kim , 김진우 Jin Woo Kim
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to confirm the skin whitening and UV absorption effects of bioconverted Beta vulagaris (BBE) using Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SM4, and the effects were evaluated by measuring total polyphenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), radical elimination activity (RSA), and tyrosinase activity inhibition (TAI). TPC and TFC of BBE were 25.0 mg GAE/g DM and 8.05 mg QE/g DM, which were 1.3 and 1.1 times higher than hot-water extract (HWE) respectively. RSA, an indicator of antioxidant activity, and TAI, an indicator of skin-whitening effect, were 36.8%, and 68.6%, respectively, 1.1 and 1.2 times higher than that of HWE. UVA and UVB absorption of BBE were 21.4 and 87.6%, which was 1.4 and 1.7 times higher than that of HWE respectively. When main substances of BBE were analyzed using LC-MS/MS, kaempferol and isorhamnetin, a type of polyphenols known to have high antioxidant and skin-whitening effects, were identified. As a results, BBE is expected to be used as a functional cosmetic material as it has excellent antioxidant, skin whitening, and UV absorption properties.
Key Words
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SM4, Beta vulagaris, bioconversion, skin-whitening, UV-absorption
A Study on the Effectiveness of a Mixed Fermented Extract of Vitamin Tree Fruit, Acai Palm Fruit, Mango, Lemon, Apricot and Blueberry as an Active Ingredient 비타민나무열매, 아사이팜열매, 망고, 레몬, 살구 및 블루베리의 혼합 발효추출물의 효능 연구
김수창 Su Chang Kim , 이미래 Mi Rae Lee , 조원표 Won Pyo Cho , 윤여필 Year Pill Yoon
48(3) 235-244, 2022
Title
A Study on the Effectiveness of a Mixed Fermented Extract of Vitamin Tree Fruit, Acai Palm Fruit, Mango, Lemon, Apricot and Blueberry as an Active Ingredient 비타민나무열매, 아사이팜열매, 망고, 레몬, 살구 및 블루베리의 혼합 발효추출물의 효능 연구
김수창 Su Chang Kim , 이미래 Mi Rae Lee , 조원표 Won Pyo Cho , 윤여필 Year Pill Yoon
DOI:
Abstract
In this study, the cell viability, radical scavenging ability, elastase activity, moisturizing activity, and antimicrobial activity of mixed fermented extract of vitamin tree fruit, acai palm fruit, mango, lemon, apricot and blueberry as an active ingredient were measured. The experiment was performed at three concentrations(0.5 / 1.5 / 2%), since cytotoxicity was not shown at these three concentrations. Based on this, a radical scavenging experiment was conducted to compare with L-ascorbic acid, a representative raw material of an antioxidant material. The results showed that the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging ability was 95 .1 ± 0 .6%, 94.3 ± 0 .7%, 95 .3 ± 0.6%, 95 .1 ± 0 .7%, 95 .1 ± 0 .3%, 9 5 .5 ± 0 .3%, and 9 5 .4 ± 0 .4% r espectively, when the concentration o f the mixed f ermentation extract was 2%. As the concentration increased at the three concentrations (0.5/1.5/2%) and the content of blueberry extracts increased, sample 7 showed excellent elastase activity at a concentration of 2% to 0.9 cm, such as retinol crystal, and moisturizing activity was also found to be 71.5%, 75.6%, and 81.6%, respectively. Particularly, at the 2% concentration of the mixed fermented extract, the antibacterial activity effect on Propionibacterium was very excellent in sample 7. Therefore, it is considered that it is worth developing the mixed fermented extracts of 2% concentration as a cosmetic component with antioxidant, moisturizing, and antibacterial properties.
Key Words
vitamin tree fruit extract, acai palm fruit, mango, lemon, blueberry
The Effects of Combined Phototherapy (Low-level Laser and Light-emitting Diode) on Hair Loss and Scalp Conditions 복합 광선 요법(저출력 레이저 및 발광 다이오드)이 탈모 및 두피 상태에 미치는 영향 연구
전소하 Soha Jeon , 이정옥 Jeongok Lee , 조해 Hae Jo , 강윤경 Yunkyeong Kang , 이지선 Jeesun Lee , 이해광 Haekwang Lee , 임경민 Kyungmin Lim , 신진희 Jinhee Shin
48(3) 248-257, 2022
Title
The Effects of Combined Phototherapy (Low-level Laser and Light-emitting Diode) on Hair Loss and Scalp Conditions 복합 광선 요법(저출력 레이저 및 발광 다이오드)이 탈모 및 두피 상태에 미치는 영향 연구
전소하 Soha Jeon , 이정옥 Jeongok Lee , 조해 Hae Jo , 강윤경 Yunkyeong Kang , 이지선 Jeesun Lee , 이해광 Haekwang Lee , 임경민 Kyungmin Lim , 신진희 Jinhee Shin
DOI:
Abstract
In this study, we tried to investigate the efficacy of combined light therapy using low-power lasers at 655 nm and LEDs emitting wavelengths at 625 ± 5 nm and 850 ± 10 nm in hair loss and scalp. A total of 33 subjects were enrolled in this clinical trial. Each subject used the LLLT and LED device on the scalp for 10 min on a daily basis for 12 weeks. After 12 weeks of LLLT and LED device use, there were significant improvements in redness, elasticity, and hydration of the scalp. Additionally, hair luster and tensile strength were improved. A remarkable decrease in total shed hairs was observed in all subjects at 4, 8, and 12 weeks without any serious adverse event. Combined light therapy using LLLT and LEDs proved to be an effective treatment for reducing hair loss and improving scalp condition.
Optimization of Polyphenol Extraction Process from Native Soybean using Ultrasound 자생 희귀콩인 납떼기콩으로부터 초음파를 이용한 폴리페놀 성분의 추출 공정 최적화
강혜정 Hye Jung Kang , 박준성 Junseong Park
48(3) 255-264, 2022
Title
Optimization of Polyphenol Extraction Process from Native Soybean using Ultrasound 자생 희귀콩인 납떼기콩으로부터 초음파를 이용한 폴리페놀 성분의 추출 공정 최적화
강혜정 Hye Jung Kang , 박준성 Junseong Park
DOI:
Abstract
The active ingredients of Napttegi Kong(GML, Glycine max landrace), a type of native rare soybeans, were identified, and an ultrasonic extraction method was introduced as an eco-friendly extraction method. Through the component analysis of the Napttegi Kong extract, the epicatechin, which was not found in conventional soybeans, was identified. For effective extraction using ultrasonic, the main extraction conditions were optimized using the response surface analysis method. Through the Box-Behnken design process, 15 experiments were conducted with the extraction temperature, the ratio of extraction solvent/solution, and extraction time as key independent variables. A quadratic regression equation for the two dependent variables, epicatechin content and total isoflavone content, was derived, and the coefficients of determination were found to be high as R2 = 0.9939 and R2 = 0.9844, respectively, confirming that the correlation showed high significance. The extraction conditions satisfying the maximum expectations of these two dependent variables were predicted. to be 40.4℃ of extraction temperature, 19.3 times of extraction solvent/solution, and 91 sec of extraction time. The expected value and the actual experimental value of the epikatechin content and the total isoflavone content were similar, so it was confirmed that this experimental method is a highly reliable optimization model.
In this study, we investigated whether Korean mistletoe (Viscum album L. var. coloratum) has anti-inflammatory effects that play key roles in the regulation of pathological mechanism of atopic dermatitis (AD). Four kinds of fractions, hexane (HX), ethyl acetate (EA), butanol (BU), and methylene chloride (MC), were used and RAW264.7 mouse macrophages and RBL-2H3 rat basophils were used to measure various inflammatory markers. EA significantly decreased mRNA expression and protein secretion levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-4 but HX did not affect these markers. In addition, BU decreased mRNA expressions of IL-4 and IL-6 whereas MC decreased IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA expressions. As a result, Korean mistletoe can show anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the secretion of cytokines related to AD, so it is thought that it will be possible to develop functional cosmetics related to this.
Key Words
Korean mistletoe, Viscum album L. coloratum, anti-inflammation, atopic dermatitis
Identification of Anti-oxidant, Anti-aging, and Whitening Effects of Diospyros kaki Extracts 감 추출물의 항산화, 항노화 및 미백 기능 규명
홍창의 Chang-eui Hong , 유수연 Su-yun Lyu
48(3) 275-285, 2022
Title
Identification of Anti-oxidant, Anti-aging, and Whitening Effects of Diospyros kaki Extracts 감 추출물의 항산화, 항노화 및 미백 기능 규명
홍창의 Chang-eui Hong , 유수연 Su-yun Lyu
DOI:
Abstract
In this study, we prepared two extracts using 1,3-butylene glycol (DBG) and ethanol (DET), with Diospyros kaki and determined the anti-oxidant, anti-aging, and whitening effects in vitro. Anti-oxidant activity was measured by DPPH and superoxide dismutase (SOD) method, and as a result, both DBG and DET extracts confirmed their anti-oxidant properties by exhibiting significant DPPH scavenging and SOD-like activities. For anti-aging activity, we measured elastase and hyaluronidase inhibition, and the inhibition of MMP-1 expression. Both DBG and DET significantly inhibited elastase and hyaluronidase activities dose-dependently, and MMP-1 expression was also reduced in both extracts. We also measured the whitening effects with tyrosinase activity and melanin production, but only DBG showed a decrease in tyrosinase. In summary, D. kaki extract has strong antioxidant, anti-aging, and whitening functions, and it is believed that it can be used as a cosmetic material in the future.
Anti-Graying Effect of Pueraria Lobata Root Extract on Stress-Induced Hair Graying 갈근 추출물의 스트레스성 백모 형성 억제 효과
홍민정 Min Jung Hong , 박병철 Byung Cheol Park , 홍용덕 Yong Deog Hong , 김수나 Su Na Kim
48(3) 287-293, 2022
Title
Anti-Graying Effect of Pueraria Lobata Root Extract on Stress-Induced Hair Graying 갈근 추출물의 스트레스성 백모 형성 억제 효과
홍민정 Min Jung Hong , 박병철 Byung Cheol Park , 홍용덕 Yong Deog Hong , 김수나 Su Na Kim
DOI:
Abstract
Gray hair is a representative sign of aging. Intrinsic aging, stress, and the external environment cause hair graying. Stress is known to be a major factor in the early onset of hair graying. We previously found that Pueraia lobata root extract (PLRE) can prevent hair graying by promoting melanin formation. However, it remains unknown whether PLRE can prevent hair graying induced by conditions of stress. In this study, we confirmed the effect of PLRE on stress-induced hair graying. A reporter cell line was newly constructed to confirm the expression of microphthalamia-associated transcription factor (MITF), the main transcription factor for melanin production. MITF expression and melanin pigmentation were reduced in human hair follicle tissue treated with the stress hormone cortisol or H2O2 to induce oxidative stress. PLRE treatment restored MITF expression and increased the amount of melanin pigment in the hair follicle. The expression of Tyrosinase related proteins-2 (TRP-2), a melanin synthesis enzyme in the hair follicle, also increased. In conclusion, PLRE can effectively prevent the inhibition of melanin synthesis by stress hormones and oxidative stress.
Key Words
Pueraria lobata root extract, gray hair, MITF, melanin production