장수임 Sue Im Jang , 이소미 So Mi Lee , 백병열 Byung Ryol Paik , 한지연 Jiyeon Han , 김은주 Eun Joo Kim , 이해광 Hae Kwang Lee

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Abstract

Skin has a strong barrier function to protect the body from external harmful factors. This strong barrier function of the skin makes for any effective substance difficult to permeate through the skin. The purpose of this study was to evaluate skin permeability of the reduced particle size by non-invasive method. The particles were prepared by high-pressure emulsification. The niacinamide prepared in a high-pressure emulsification was absorbed 1.56 times higher than the control sample. In addition, it was found from the sixth layer of keratin that was removed by tape-stripping method. This was significantly deeper penetration. The whitening efficacy of the sample containing niacinamide was evaluated before and after 6 weeks of use. The skin color was significantly improved in both pigmented area and non-pigmented area. Through this study, it was possible to visually and quantitatively confirm the permeability confirm the permeability of the reduced particle sample into skin.

Key Words

skin permeability, high-pressure emulsification, DESI-MS, skin pigmentation, clinical research

최경오 Kyungoh Choi , 노호식 Ho Sik Rho

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Abstract

This study was conducted to examine the inhibitory effects of meso-dihydroguaretic acid (MDGA, 1) and its synthetic derivatives (compound 2 and 3) against NO production. MDGA is a lignan component isolated from the bark of Machilus thunbergii Sieb. et Zucc. We synthesized dimethylated MDGA (2), diacetylated MDGA (3) and compared NO inhibition of two derivatives with that of MDGA (1). MDGA (1) and compound 3 showed suppressive effects against the generation of NO in LPS-activated macrophages. RT-PCR analysis suggested that MDGA (1) and compound 3 inhibited NO production through the suppression of iNOS mRNA expression. From these results, diacetylated MDGA (3) can be used as a pro-drug for MDGA.

Key Words

meso-dihydroguaretic acid, methylated derivatives, acetylated derivative, nitric oxide, LPS

엄지나 Ji Na Um , 민진우 Jin Woo Min , 주광식 Kwang Sik Joo , 강희철 Hee Cheol Kang

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Abstract

Scutellariae baicalensis (S. baicalensis) has been traditionally used for anti-inflammatory effect. This study was designed to compare the antioxidant and whitening effects of S. baicalensis extract and its fermented extract by Leuconostoc mesenteroides (L. mesenteroides). Fermented extract of S. baicalenins was prepared by inoculation of L. mesenteroides after the extraction procedure with 70% ethanol. S. baicalensis extract and its fermented extract was investigated via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Simultaneous qualitative analysis of two bioactive components; baicalin and baicalein was achieved by comparing their retention times (t_R) and UV spectra with those of the standard components. Cell viability test results indicated that both S. baicalensis extract and its fermented extract were non-toxicity. In DPPH radical scavenging ability, SC₅₀ values of the fermented extract was 34.43 μg/mL as a result of more effective than S. baicalensis extract. In nontoxic concentration rage, fermented extract of S. baicalensis showed strong melanin production inhibitory effect in α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH)-stimulated B16F10 cell (IC₅₀ = 68.17 μg/mL). These results suggested that fermented extracts of S. baicalensis has considerable potential as a cosmetics ingredient with an antioxidant and anti-wrinkle and whitening effects.

Key Words

antioxidant, baicalein, baicalin, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Scutellariae baicalensis, whitening effect

김영대 Young Dae Kim , 김영민 Young Min Kim , 모은경 Eun Kyoung Mo

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Abstract

This study was performed to investigate the functional properties and characteristics of Dolnamul (Sedum sarmentosum) as a cosmetic ingredient. Lyophilized sedum powder was extracted with ethanol and stored at －20 ℃ for the following experiments. Total polyphenol compounds of the ethanol extract of sedum (SE) was 27.98 ± 0.34 g/kg (dry weight): epicatechin (162.14 ± 5.07 mg/kg), epigallocatechin (55.99 ± 2.49 mg/kg), and kaempferol (47.96 ± 3.02 mg/kg) were contained in the SE. The SE had organic radical scavenging capacity (78.43 ± 1.08%) and metal reducing power (FRAP value 2.54 ± 0.12). FTC and TBARS assays confirmed that the SE inhibited the early stage of lipid peroxidation (62.03 ± 0.38%) as well as the final stage of lipid peroxidation (55.36 ± 2.05%), respectively. The SE (5 mg/mL, dry weight) was proved to have antibacterial effect on the growth of Propionibacterium acnes. The inhibitory percentages of the SE on elastase and collagenase activities were 38.94 ± 7.09% and 78.94 ± 2.49%, respectively. Compare to the control group, the SE treated group induced an increase of Col3A1 expression and collagen production (58.11 ± 1.07%). The oil in water emulsion (0.5% SE adding group) showed pH 6.88 and 1.47 g/mL of density. The hardness changes of the SE adding emulsions were not detected during the stored periods at various temperatures (－20 - 45 ℃) for four weeks. It is considered that the SE has antibacterial, antioxidant, and antiaging activities.

Key Words

Sedum sarmentosum, Propionibacterium acne, Col3A1, epicatechin, antiaging

안세연 Seyeon Ahn , 길소연 Soyeon Gil , 권오선 Ohsun Kwon , 장윤희 Yunhee Chang , 진무현 Mu Hyun Jin

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Abstract

In this study, we evaluated the skin moisturizing effect of Brasenia schreberi (B. schreberi) mucilage polysaccharide on human skin and in vitro and the potent cosmetic ingredient for skin. To protect skin from various environmental stresses and aging, we should increase moisture content of skin and prevent water loss. We have found that polysaccharides extracted from mucilage of B. schreberi improved the roughness of skin with its lubricating behavior. In vitro, the expression of transglutaminase 1 (TGM1) gene, which plays a role in cross-linking the skin barrier, was increased when the keratinocytes were treated with B. schreberi polysaccharides. In addition, the expression of hyaluronan synthase 3 (HAS3) gene, an enzyme that synthesizes water-binding matrix hyaluronic acid, aquaporin 3 (AQP3), which regulates the movement of water and glycerol were also increased. In addition, an experiment to evaluate its potential as a cosmetic ingredient has shown anti-inflammatory and collagen synthesis-promoting effects. As a result, the mucilaginous polysaccharide from natural products which has not existed before, showed moisturizing effect, anti-inflammation and collagen synthesis-promoting effects for skin protection and hydration.

Key Words

Brasenia schreberi, skin hydration, polysaccharide, AQP3, HAS3

김보애 Bo Ae Kim

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Abstract

This study was performed to cytotoxicity, tyrosinase inhibition activity, intracellular melanin contents to verify the whitening effect of fraction from Glycine soja Siebold et Zucc. (G. soja). Using western blotting, tyrosinase expression in B16F10 melanoma cells and expression levels of tyrosinase related protein-1 (TRP-1) and protein-2 (TRP-2) were examined. As a result, all of the fractions showed a high cell viability over 82% at the concentrations of 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 2.0 mg/mL. When the whitening effects of fractions from G. soja were tested using B16F10 melanoma cells treated with the α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH), the EtOAc fractions inhibited tyrosinase and melanogenesis effectively. The result of protein expression measurement using western blot showed that TRP-1, TRP-2 and tyrosinase protein expression in B16F10 melanoma cells treated with extracts decreased. Therefore, it is concluded that the fractions from G. soja have whitening effect by inhibiting protein related melanogenesis.

Key Words

Glycine soja Siebold et Zucc., melanocyte, tyrosinase, tyrosinase related protein, whitening effect

김진화 Jin Hwa Kim , 오정영 Jung Young Oh , 배준태 Jun Tae Bae , 이근수 Geun Soo Lee , 표형배 Hyeong Bae Pyo

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Abstract

Aging is a physiological and irreversible, progressive process involving changes in the ability to maintain cellular functionality. It affects tissues, organs and the whole organism and thus finally cause to death. Oxidative stress has been postulated to contribute significantly to the accelerated accumulation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) in collagen, which is implicated in the process of skin aging. In the present study, glycation inhibitory activity of methoxy PEG-45 thioctate (LA-PEG), and its inhibitory effect of cellular oxidation and senescence was investigated. Treatment of LA-PEG significantly showed lower fluorescent intensity induced by AGEs. In addition, LA-PEG was significantly reduced the formation of ROS induced by AGEs. High antioxidant and anti-glycation activities of LA-PEG in glycated collagen model indicated its contribution to anti-aging process. Cellular senescence leads to an increase in senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity, which can be used as a biomarker to identify senescent cells. Treatment with LA-PEG showed a dose-dependent, statistically significant decreased in SA-β-gal indicating reduced senescence. These results suggest that LA-PEG may have potent anti-aging effects and can be used as new functional materials against cellular accumulation of AGEs.

Key Words

anti-glycation, advanced glycation endproducts, AGEs, antioxidant, cellular senescence, anti-aging

김승훈 Seunghun Kim , 안유진 Yujin Ahn , Askaruly Sanzhar , 김필운 Pilun Kim , 정웅규 Woonggyu Jung , 이해광 Haekwang Lee

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Abstract

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive imaging method that utilizes the optical scattering and interference for visualizing the surface as well as cross-sectional structures of tissue. OCT has been used for diagnosing diseases in early stage in various medical fields, but an application in cosmetics is still at early stage. In this study, OCT was adopted to evaluate skin texture and wrinkle. Results showed similar patterns of evaluation with PRIMOS in the assessment using replica. In addition, OCT produced smaller errors at different angles compared to the PRIMOS in the assessment using 3-dimensional models of wrinkles. The resolution of the image was also high enough to differentiate the images of before and after the application of makeup products. Possible use of OCT in the evaluation of fine wrinkle assessment was studied in this research. Further development of methods is necessary to provide more evidences of the effectiveness.

Key Words

OCT, Optical Coherence Tomography, PRIMOS, skin roughness, wrinkle, evaluation

박소현 So Hyun Park , 성준섭 Joon Seob Seong , 이건수 Keon Soo Lee , 박영민 Young Min Park , 현송화 Song Hua Xuan , 차미연 Mi Yeon Cha , 강희철 Hee Cheol Kang , 박수남 Soo Nam Park

DOI:

Abstract

In this study, the antioxidant activities, cellular protective effects, and inhibitory effects on elastase of non-fermented and fermented extracts of Parthenocissus tricuspidata (P. tricuspidata) stem using Lactobacillus pentosus were investigated. The free radical scavenging activities (FSC₅₀) of non-fermented and fermented extracts were 42.3 and 34.5 μg/mL, respectively, in which the activity after fermentation was approximately 18.4% higher. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging activities (OSC₅₀) in Fe³⁺-EDTA/H₂O₂ system of non-fermented and fermented extracts were 2.6 and 2.5 μg/mL, respectively. The activity after fermentation was approximately 4.2% higher. In the ¹O₂-induced cellular damage of erythrocytes, the cellular protective effects (τ₅₀) of non-fermented and fermented extracts were 126.4 and 173.0 min at 50 μg/mL, respectively. The activity after fermentation was approximately 34.0% higher. The effect of fermented extract was 3.9 times higher than (+)-α-tocopherol (τ₅₀ = 43.4 min), known as a lipophilic antioxidant at 50 μg/mL. The inhibitory effect of elastase was investigated to predict the anti-wrinkle efficacy using Hs68 human fibroblasts cells. The elastase inhibitory activities (IC₅₀) of non-fermented and fermented extracts were 873.6 and 687.8 μg/mL, respectively, and the activity after fermentation was approximately 21.3% higher. These results indicated that fermented extract of P. tricuspidata stem has potentials as natural cosmetic ingredients with antioxidant and anti-wrinkle effect.

Key Words

Parthenocissus tricuspidata, Lactobacillus pentosus, fermentation, antioxidant activity, cellular protective effect